This document is relevant for: Inf2, Trn1, Trn1n

Training with Tensor Parallelism#

Keeping the above changes made in Developer guide, let’s now run an end-to-end training with tensor-parallelism. This section is adopted from BERT pretraining tutorial which used data-parallel training to scale the throughput. In this section we modify that tutorial to showcase the use of tensor-parallelism which should enable us to scale the size of the model.

Setting up environment:

For this experiment, we will use a trn1-32xl machine with the storage set to 512GB at least. Follow the instructions mentioned here: Install PyTorch Neuron on Trn1. It is recommended to work out of python virtual env so as to avoid package installation issues.

We also have to install the neuronx-distributed package using the following command:

python -m pip install neuronx_distributed --extra-index-url https://pip.repos.neuron.amazonaws.com

Make sure the transformers version is set to 4.26.0 (Note: If you have transformers-neuronx in your environment, you need to uninstall it to avoid a conflict with the transformers version.)

Let’s download the scripts and datasets for pretraining.

mkdir -p ~/examples/tp_dp_bert_hf_pretrain
cd ~/examples/tp_dp_bert_hf_pretrain
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aws-neuron/neuronx-distributed/master/examples/training/tp_dp_bert_hf_pretrain/tp_dp_bert_large_hf_pretrain_hdf5.py
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aws-neuron/neuronx-distributed/master/examples/training/tp_dp_bert_hf_pretrain/requirements.txt
python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt

Next let’s download the tokenizer and the sharded datasets:

mkdir -p ~/examples_datasets/
pushd ~/examples_datasets/
aws s3 cp s3://neuron-s3/training_datasets/bert_pretrain_wikicorpus_tokenized_hdf5/bert_pretrain_wikicorpus_tokenized_hdf5_seqlen128.tar .  --no-sign-request
tar -xf bert_pretrain_wikicorpus_tokenized_hdf5_seqlen128.tar
rm bert_pretrain_wikicorpus_tokenized_hdf5_seqlen128.tar
popd

At this point, you are all set to start training

Running training

We first pre-compile the graphs using the neuron_parallel_compile. This process is similar to one discussed in the BERT pretraining tutorial . Let’s run the command below:

cd ~/examples/tp_dp_bert_hf_pretrain
export XLA_DOWNCAST_BF16=1
neuron_parallel_compile torchrun --nproc_per_node=32 \
tp_dp_bert_large_hf_pretrain_hdf5.py \
--tensor_parallel_size 8 \
--steps_this_run 10 \
--batch_size 64 \
--grad_accum_usteps 64 |& tee compile_log.txt

This script uses a tensor-parallel size of 8. This will automatically set the data-parallel degree to 4 (32 workers / tensor_parallel_size). Once the graphs are compiled we can now run training and observe our loss go down. To run the training, we just the above command but without neuron_parallel_compile.

XLA_DOWNCAST_BF16=1 torchrun --nproc_per_node=32 \
tp_dp_bert_large_hf_pretrain_hdf5.py \
--tensor_parallel_size 8 \
--steps_this_run 10 \
--batch_size 64 \
--grad_accum_usteps 64 |& tee training_log.txt

You would notice that the throughput is lower when you run the dp_bert_large_hf_pretrain_hdf5.py. This is expected as the number of data-parallel workers have gone down (from 32 to 4). However, if you open neuron-top in another terminal, you should see the memory utilization per core for this script is lower than the dp_bert_large_hf_pretrain_hdf5.py. Since the memory requirement has gone down, you can scale the size of model either by increasing the number of layers/attention heads/hidden sizes.

The loss curve should match to the loss curve we would get from the data_parallel counterpart.

Known Issues:#

  1. Currently the checkpoints dumped during training are sharded and users would have to write a script to combine the checkpoints themselves. This should be fixed in the future release

This document is relevant for: Inf2, Trn1, Trn1n